Haüy, [Valentin]
The first printed book for the blind, printed in a large raised italic type for finger-tracing. "Valentin Haüy invented the first system of printing for the blind, consisting of a special large type, slightly different in shape from ordinary italic, which was embossed on heavy paper to be traced by the fingers"; his 'Essai sur l’education des aveugles' "showcased his system of printing for the blind while at the same time proving its efficacy, since the book was printed by Haüy’s blind students under the direction of the royal printer Clousier" (Norman).
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“Haüy founded the first school for the blind. To him belongs the honour of being the first to emboss paper as a means of reading for the blind. His 'Essai' originated modern methods of teaching and caring for blind persons” (Garrison/M.).
"Valentine Haüy (1745-1822), younger brother of the famous crystallographer, was the first to devise type that could be read by the blind. Characters slightly different in shape from ordinary italic were embossed on heavy paper to be read with the fingers. He founded the 'Institut Royale des Jeunes Aveugles' in 1785 and seems actually to have succeeded in teaching some of his pupils not only to read by this method but to set and print the embossed type. His 'Essai sur l'Éducation des Aveugles', 1786, is an incunable of this method" (PMM). It is within this institutional and technical lineage that Louis Braille learned to read three decades later: Haüy’s raised-letter books formed the indispensable prehistory to Braille’s dot system and to modern tactile literacy more broadly.
Provenance: traces of erased or excised old library stamps to title-page and first leaf of dedication. Latterly in a French private collection.
Garrison/Morton 5833. Norman 1023. Cf. PMM 292 (note). Bibliothèque nationale, En français dans le texte: dix siècles de lumières par le livre, no. 242 (note). Lende 15 (1793 English translation only).
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