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[Portolan Chart], Manuscript chart on vellum depicting the Mediterranean basin, Second half of the 16th century, perhaps before 1574. Possibly Portugal, or Spain.
[Portolan Chart], Manuscript chart on vellum depicting the Mediterranean basin, Second half of the 16th century, perhaps before 1574. Possibly Portugal, or Spain.

[Portolan Chart]

Manuscript chart on vellum depicting the Mediterranean basin, Second half of the 16th century, perhaps before 1574. Possibly Portugal, or Spain.
Exceptional Portolan chart, likely made by famed cartographer and chart maker, Luis Texeira

A visually striking portolan chart of the Mediterranean, North Africa and parts of the Middle East, fabulously decorated, and preserved in beautiful condition, stylistically undoubtedly Portuguese and likely made by prominent chart maker Luis Texeira (who in turn was father to Joao Teixeira Albernaz I, also a famed chart maker). To Luis Texeira it is owed the map of Japan included in Ortelius’ Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, a natural chart to be made by a Portuguese, due to strong Portuguese presence in the region, and also the Magna Orbis large wall map of the world.
P.O.R.
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Further images

  • (View a larger image of thumbnail 1 ) Thumbnail of additional image
  • (View a larger image of thumbnail 2 ) Thumbnail of additional image

Manuscript nautical chart on a single sheet of vellum (960 × 610 mm), centered on the Mediterranean basin. Fine condition, the chart presents some cockling to the vellum and traces of a previous mounting at the edges and near the latitude scale, some minor fading to colors which for the most part are strong and vibrant; overall excellent.


As usual for portolans made in the Iberian Peninsula (at the time the Crowns of Portugal and Spain were united), the chart is profusely decorated and embellished. The representation of the desertic and yet greenish landscape in North Africa, the castles of Spania and Germany, the Cross over Jerusalem, etc.


Stylistically, the coastlines are drawn in reddish ink; smaller islands are fully painted in gold, blue, red, or green, while major islands are outlined in green. No rivers are shown. Toponyms, or names of cities and towns, are written in red and black ink, numbering over 800 coastal place names. Seven town vignettes are included, among them Lisbon (topped by the Portuguese flag), Jerusalem (marked with the Cross of Golgotha), and Venice (with the Lion of Saint Mark). The decorative program is enriched by 13 heraldic arms and flags of kingdoms: Ireland, Scotland, England, the fleur-de-lys of France, the coat of arms of Spain, the likely flag of Genoese Gazaria over Crimea (denoting the Sanjak of Caffa), and the banner of the Portuguese Order of Christ positioned over Ceuta. Particularly noteworthy is the imperial double-headed eagle over Tunis: if this refers to actual Habsburg occupation rather than a retrospective tribute, it would suggest a dating prior to 1574, when the city was retaken by Ottoman forces (it had been under Christian control since 1534).


Additional decorations include a Christus Patiens, two Portuguese carracks.


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